Clark and Clark (1947) – Famous US study in which black and white children aged 3 – 7 were shown one black and one white doll and asked evaluative questions, such as which doll they wanted to play with, which was bad, etc. Sixty per cent of black children attribute more positive characteristics to the white doll than to the black doll. In a replication by HRABA AND GRANT (1970), about 60% of black children preferred the black doll.

http://www.thelancasternews.com/articles/2004/06/28/news/news07_dolls.txt

Clark conducted a study about how black children of different ages reacted to white and black dolls.When asked which doll was the "nice" doll or the "bad" doll, the children showed preference for the white doll. To Clark, the study showed that young black children were socialized at a very young age to the idea that society prefers white people, according to his article.

Young children develop their self-esteem by looking at the images around them, Roddey said. Young black children in school during the 1950s could see that their schools were not equal to those of white children, she said, the same way children in Clark's studies preferred the white dolls.

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